Radio Africa

A personal report on the Syliphone archival project in Guinea

In 2007 I applied for funding through the British Library's Endangered Archives Programme. In June 2008 I received the good news that my Major Research Project funding application had been approved, and in August I was in Guinea. I had been in contact with the Director of the Bibliothèque Nationale de Guinée (BNG), Dr Baba Cheick Sylla, for some months and we had established a good rapport. My project proposal was two-fold: firstly, that I create an archive of the complete Syliphone catalogue, transferring the original vinyl records to compact disc format and housing them in the BNG; and secondly, that I transfer to compact disc the audio reels of Syliphone-era songs which were located in the archives of Radiodiffusion Télévision Guinée (RTG). These reels contained recordings of federal and national orchestras, and in 2001 when I was conducting PhD research in the RTG, I was shown a hand written catalogue of some 50 reels, which I took to be the complete archive.

Arriving in Guinea I managed to get through the "formalities" at Gbessia airport unscathed, and met with my translator, Allen Nyoka, a few days later. I highly recommend Allen to anyone who requires a translator in Guinea. I then met with Dr Sylla to begin the project, and from the outset he was very supportive. Dr Sylla arranged meetings with musicians, RTG personnel, government ministers, and people associated with the Syliphone label, and I found myself very busy early on. The newly created Ministry o
f Culture des Arts et Loisirs became involved, and I met with Minister Ifono who threw his complete support behind the project and declared that it was the number one priority of his Ministry. Riad Chaloub, the vocalist and harmonica player of the Syliphone era orchestra Camayenne Sofa, and the number 2 in the Ministry of Arts, was also firmly backing the archival project. Another member of Camayenne Sofa, Jean Baptiste Williams, is a senior journalist in Guinea and he took over the media liaison. A series of interviews on Guinean radio ensued. My days were thus spent with Dr Sylla in meetings with a broad spectrum of government officials. I had also made CD copies of complete recordings of Syliphone era orchestras to give to the surviving musicians, for many did not own a copy of their own music. It's a sad truth that most of Guinea's Syliphone era musicians have not received any royalties at all from their recordings. This I hope to change, for it is shameful to see the poverty in which they live and to hear them whisper "I just want a little money before I die", as one musician put it. I am trying to get their music re-released, and promoting some of the existing orchestras.

Early on I met with Balla Onivogui, whom I last saw in 2001. Sadly he is now mostly confined to his home due to the effects of old age. I met often, too, with Lamine Camara, the chef d'orchestre of the Horoya Band, and with Sékou "Le Grow" Camara. Lamine informed me that Métoura Traoré, the former band leader of the Horoya Band, was unwell and was in hospital in Dakar. I also learned that Keletigui Traoré was very ill, and I put off meeting him until his health improved. A meeting was arranged in Club Bembeya with Sékou "Bembeya" Diabaté, Mohammed Kaba, Sékou "Le Grow" Camara, Bangaly "Gros Bois" Traoré, Linke Condé, Lamine Camara, and others musicians in attendance, which let everybody know the parameters of my project. I was heartened to see that La Paillote in Camayenne is still going well, and that Keletigui et ses Tambourinis perform there every Saturday night. I had some good times there with Abdoul Karim “Chuck Berry” Camara, Papa Kouyaté, Talibé Traoré, Linke Condé and Amadou Thiam, interviewing them and talking about their music. It was a wonderful time, and to see them smile so broadly as we listened to their music on my laptop is a memory I will always cherish.

Returning to the project - in the era of President Sékou Touré the Guinean government created some of the finest archives and libraries in West Africa. Then in 1985, a year after Touré's death, an attempted coup resulted in widespread looting and ransacking of government offices. The RTG was bombed and the Syliphone archive destroyed. Many thought that the complete archive of Syliphone recordings would never be seen again. As my (new) Syliphone archive grew day by day I was persisting with my enquiries to get access to the reel-to-reels at the RTG. I had the support of the Arts Ministry, Dr Sylla, and Mme Yayé Haby Barry, the RTG archive head, though it took several weeks for the paperwork to come through. It is not easy getting access to the RTG, it's a heavily protected building with armed soldiers at the gates, but once past them it's quite a tranquil place, right on the ocean, with small herds of sheep wandering underneath large satellite dishes. After a month I was finally given approval to access the material, and was even allocated my own aircon office to work in. I was given a RTG ID card and had unfettered access to all of the archives - a rare privilege, especially for a non-Guinean. I discovered rooms in the RTG archive that I never knew existed, rooms full of reel-to-reels. Many were of orchestras, others featured traditional music, or contained oral narratives. I discovered perhaps 600 reels of music of orchestres moderne, with many unreleased recordings by the national orchestras. The bulk of the recordings, however, focused on the federal orchestras, and the earliest recordings were from 1963. There were also some reels of post-Touré era groups such as Super Flambeau, who during the Syliphone era performed as the Super Boiro Band. It was a dirty and dusty job to winkle out the reels from the shelves, where they had sat for years, and I set up my studio and began copying as many of them as I could. On a good day I could copy 5 large reels. I began to see first hand how desperately in need of archiving the reels were. Any reel recorded prior to 1965 usually broke when played and had to be repaired many times, for the tape had become brittle. Any reel recorded between 1965 and 1970 usually broke when re-wound and also had to be repaired, though tapes after 1970 were not too bad. I copied some truly rare and incredible music at the RTG, with some examples being 1963 recordings by the Orchestre Honoré Coppet (an early member of the Syli Orchestre National), 1963 recordings by Orchestre de la Paillote, 1964 recordings by the Orchestre de la Garde Républicaine 1ere formation, three versions of Moi ça ma fout (by Bembeya Jazz, Keletigui et ses Tambourinis, and Sombory Jazz), and many, many recordings by great Federal Orchestras such as Manden Könö, Kébendo Jazz, and Kaloum Star. CD copies of these recordings, over 100 reels, were given to the RTG archive and will also be given to the British Library.

By late September the Syliphone archive at the BNG was close to completion. Dr Sylla and the Arts Ministry had arranged for an official launch, but as the BNG was lacking space it was decided to hold it at the National Museum, just a few metres away. Jean Baptiste Williams had contacted the media and the invitations went out. He had also arranged for the RTG to broadcast a commercial advertising the archive launch, and so one day a camera crew arrived at the BNG and filmed Dr Sylla and I miming "oohs" and "aahs" as we looked over the Syliphone CDs. (click here for the video link). There are only about 4 commercials on Guinea's only TV station, so this one drew a lot of attention. The launch was set for September 29. I worked hard to get all the discs ready and remember the morning when I gave Dr Sylla the last of the Syliphone CDs. We shook hands. The collection was now complete, all 728 songs from the 159 original vinyl discs. I had made Dr Sylla three copies of the Syliphone catalogue printed in booklet form, which featured a photo of each album and its track listing. These catalogues became highly sought after!

On the morning of the archive launch a huge storm blew in and it rained very heavily. A good sign, someone said. The crowd gathered and there were plenty of journalists, musicians, and friends. I was asked to make a speech, and Dr Sylla, Minister Ifono, and ex-Minister Facinet Fofana, also spoke. At the end of the ceremony I was awarded a Diplôme d'Honneur by Mr Fofana. The ceremony was broadcast on the TV news that night, and the whole event was quite an amazing experience for me. I love the music of the Syliphone era and I was very moved by people's heartfelt and sincere thanks for what I had achieved. Some told me that when they had heard of my project they felt like crying. Others proclaimed me "a Guinean". I was often asked how I managed to get all of the discs and what led me to this area of research. I could only respond that my 14 years of research on Syliphone wasn't work for me, it was pleasure.

The Syliphone archive was displayed at the National Museum for a week, and was then re-launched for another week during Guinea's 50th anniversary celebrations. It was also set to tour Mali, and three Guinean ministries became involved. I pledged to Dr Sylla that I will continue to update the archive at the BNG as I come across better quality discs and covers, and I will send these to him at the library. Click here to view the Syliphone catalogue
.

After the archive launch things quietened down a bit. I was at the RTG archives 6 days a week, copying as many reels as I could, and when I had time I tried to meet with all the musicians. A few weeks before I left I was informed that I was receiving a medal for my work. The Guinean government through the Ministry of Arts conferred me the Palme Académique en Or, Guinea's highest civilian honour, and on the day before I flew back to Australia I received it.

To my left is Dr Sylla, Directeur de la Bibliothèque Nationale de Guinée, and to my right is Prof Ifono, Ministre de la Culture des Arts et Loisirs.

Readers will be heartened to learn that the following orchestras continue to play regularly in Guinea - Bembeya Jazz, Horoya Band, Keletigui et ses Tambourinis, Balla et ses Balladins, the 22 Band, and Camayenne Sofa, who released a new CD in September 2008 to mark their 35th anniversary. Even some of the smaller groups in Guinea, such as Kolima Jazz, still get together occasionally, and up until a few years ago groups such as Tinkisso Jazz and the Forest Band were still playing.

All of Guinea was saddened by the news of Keletigui Traoré, who passed away on November 11. He was given a state funeral and was buried in the cemetery at Camayenne on November 13. He was a super star in Guinea, a legend of modern music going back to the pre-independence era. His influence on Guinean music is immeasurable. Many of Guinea's musicians from the golden era of the 1960s and 1970s are now very old, and from Kébendo Jazz, for example, there's only one surviving member. But there is happier news. The Balladins now feature a young line-up, hopefully ensuring that their music will find roots in a new generation of musicians. And then there is Kombo Jazz, a great orchestra featuring many of the Syliphone era stars, who play together every week. And La Paillote after more than 40 years continues to host music most nights of the week. Go there while you can, and if you're lucky you will sit under the stars on a Saturday night while Linke Condé leads the Tambourinis with his sublime electric guitar.


 

Radio Africa discographies

by record label -    Syliphone     Club Voltaïque du Disque     Tempo International     Mali Kunkan     Société Ivoirienne du Disque

by group -            
Bembeya Jazz     Les Ambassadeurs     Rail Band     Salif Keita

by nation -            • Guinea Bissau     Mali      Guinea      Mauritania     The Gambia      Burkina Faso     • Senegal - coming soon

other -                   • Guinean orchestras of the 1st republic      Malian orchestras 1960-1980      Rail Band & Les Ambassadeurs family tree

 

African classics
 
Kanté Manfila & Salif Keita "Dans l'authenticité vol 1" Les Ambassadeurs du Motel
Kanté Manfila & Salif Keita "Dans l'authenticité vol 2" Doura Barry "Laureat de Guinea"
L'arbre éternel - Syliphone LP 28 Djali Madi Tounkara and The Rail Band
Guinée an XII - Syliphone LP 21 Keletigui et ses Tambourinis - Syliphone LP 30
Orchestre Régional de Kayes Mamadi Diabaté et Les Ambassadeurs
Victoire à la Révolution - Syliphone LP 29 Souleymané Traoré dit Neba Solo
Orchestre Régional de Mopti Rail Band "Soundiata"
Teningnini Damba A Search for the Roots of the Blues vols 1 & 2
Ernesto Djedje "Le roi du ziglibithy" L'Orchestre National "A" de la République du Mali
Ami Koita "Pour le collectionneur vol 3"  

 

Go to the Radio Africa homepage