A personal report on the Syliphone archival project in Guinea
In 2007 I applied for funding
through the British Library's
Endangered Archives Programme.
In June 2008 I received the good news that my Major Research Project funding
application had been approved, and in August I was in Guinea. I had been in
contact with the Director of the Bibliothèque Nationale de Guinée (BNG), Dr Baba
Cheick Sylla, for some months and we had established a good rapport. My project
proposal was two-fold: firstly, that I create an archive of the complete Syliphone
catalogue, transferring the original vinyl records to compact disc format and housing
them in the BNG; and secondly, that I transfer to compact disc the audio reel-to-reels
of Syliphone-era songs which were located in the archives of Radiodiffusion
Télévision Guinée (RTG). These reels contain recordings of federal and national
orchestras, and in 2001 when I was conducting PhD research in the RTG, I was
shown a hand written catalogue of some 50 reels, which I took to be the
complete archive.
Arriving in Guinea I managed to get through the "formalities" at Gbessia airport
unscathed, and met with my translator, Allen Nyoka, a few days later. I recommend him to anyone who requires a translator in Guinea. I
then met with Dr Sylla to begin the project. From the outset Dr Sylla was very
supportive. He arranged meetings with musicians, RTG personnel, government
ministers, and people associated with the Syliphone label, and I found myself
very busy early on. The newly created Ministry of Arts became involved, and I
met with Minister Ifono who threw his complete support behind the project and
declared that it was the number one priority of his Ministry. Riad Chaloub, the
vocalist and harmonica player of the Syliphone era orchestra Camayenne Sofa, and
the number 2 in the Ministry of Arts, was also firmly backing the archival
project. Another member of Camayenne Sofa, Jeannot Williams, is a senior
journalist in Guinea and he
took over the media liaison. A series of interviews on Guinean radio ensued. My days were
thus spent with Dr Sylla in meetings with a broad spectrum of government
officials. I had also made CD copies of complete recordings of Syliphone era orchestras
to give to the surviving musicians, for many did not own a copy of their own
music. It's also a sad truth that
most of Guinea's Syliphone era musicians have not received any royalties at all from their
recordings. This I hope to change, for it is shameful to
see the poverty in which they live and to hear them whisper "I just want a
little money before I die", as one musician put it. I am trying to get a lot of
their music released, and trying to promote some of
the existing orchestras.
Early on I met with Balla Onivogui, whom I last saw in 2001. Sadly he is now mostly confined to his home due to the effects of old age. I met often, too, with Lamine Camara, the chef d'orchestre of the Horoya Band, and with Sékou Le Growl Camara. Lamine informed me that Métoura Traoré, the former band leader of the Horoya Band, was unwell and was in hospital in Dakar. I also learned that Keletigui Traoré was very ill, and I put off meeting him until his health improved. I also had a big meeting in Club Bembeya with Sékou Bembeya Diabaté, Mohammed Kaba, Sékou Le Growl Camara, Bangaly Gros Bois Traoré, Linke Condé, Lamine Camara, and others, which let everybody know the parameters of my project. It was heartened to see that La Paillote in Camayenne is still going well, and that Keletigui et ses Tambourinis perform there every Saturday night. I had some good times there with Abdoul Karim “Chuck Berry” Camara, Papa Kouyaté, Talib Traoré, Linke Condé and Amadou Thiam, interviewing them and talking about their music. It was a wonderful time, and to see them smile so broadly as we listened to their music on my laptop is a memory I will always cherish.
Returning to the project - in the era of President Sékou Touré the Guinean government created some of the finest archives and libraries in West Africa. Then in 1985, a year after Touré's death, an attempted coup resulted in widespread looting and ransacking of government offices. The RTG was bombed and the Syliphone archive destroyed. Many thought that the complete archive of Syliphone recordings would never be seen again. As my (new) Syliphone archive grew day by day I was persisting with my enquiries to get access to the reel-to-reels at the RTG. I had the support of the Arts Ministry, Dr Sylla, and Mme Yayé Haby Barry, the RTG archive head, though it took several weeks for the paperwork to come through. It is not easy getting access to the RTG, it's a heavily protected building with armed soldiers at the gates, but once past them it's quite a tranquil place, right on the ocean, with small herds of sheep wandering underneath giant satellite dishes. After a month I was finally given approval to access the material, and was even given my own aircon office to work in. I was given a RTG ID card and had unfettered access to all of the archives - a rare privilege, especially for a non-Guinean. I discovered rooms in the RTG archive that I never knew existed, rooms full of reel-to-reels. Many were of orchestras, others featured traditional music, or contained oral narratives. I discovered perhaps 600 reels of music of orchestres moderne, with many unreleased recordings by the national orchestras. The bulk of the recordings, however, focused on the federal orchestras, and the earliest recordings were from 1963. There were also some reels of post-Touré era groups such as Super Flambeau, who during the Syliphone era performed under their name the Super Boiro Band. It was a dirty and dusty job to winkle out the reels from the shelves, where they had sat for years, and I set up my little studio and began copying as many of them as I could. On a good day I could copy 5 reels. I began to see first hand how desperately in need of archiving the reels were. Any reel recorded prior to 1965 usually broke when played and had to be repaired many times, for the tape had become brittle. Any reel recorded between 1965 and 1970 usually broke when re-wound and also had to be repaired, though tapes after 1970 were not too bad. I copied some truly rare and incredible music at the RTG, with some examples being 1963 recordings by the Orchestre Honore Coppet (an early member of the Syli Orchestre National), 1963 recordings by Orchestre de la Paillote, 1964 recordings by the Orchestre de la Garde Républicaine 1ere formation, three versions of Moi ça ma fout (by Bembeya Jazz, Keletigui et ses Tambourinis, and Sombory Jazz), and many many recordings by great Federal Orchestras such as Manden Könö, Kébendo Jazz, and Kaloum Star. CD copies of these recordings, over 100 reels, were given to the RTG archive and will also be given to the British Library. I may apply for further funding in 2009 to complete the archival project, as there are many reels that need urgent digitising.
By late September the Syliphone
archive at the BNG was close to completion. Dr Sylla and the Arts Ministry had
arranged for an official launch, but as the BNG was lacking space it was
decided to have it at the National Museum, just a few metres away. Jeannot
Williams had contacted the media and the invitations went out. Jeannot even
arranged for the RTG to broadcast a commercial advertising the archive launch,
and so one day a camera crew arrived at the BNG and filmed Dr Sylla and I miming
oohs and aahs as we looked over the Syliphone CDs. There are only about 4
commercials on Guinea's only TV station, so this one drew a lot of attention. The
launch was set for September 29. I worked hard to get all the discs ready and
remember the morning when I gave Dr Sylla the last of the Syliphone CDs. We
shook hands. The collection was now complete, all 728 songs on from the 159
original vinyl discs. I had
made Dr Sylla three copies of the Syliphone catalogue printed in booklet form, which featured a photo of
each album and its track listing. These catalogues became highly sought after!
On the morning of the archive launch a huge storm blew in and it rained very
heavily. A good sign, someone said. The crowd gathered and there were plenty of
journalists, musicians, and friends. I was asked to make a
speech, and Dr Sylla,
Minister Ifono, and Facinet Fofana, the powerful ex-Minister of Mines, also
spoke. At the end of the ceremony Mr Fofana awarded me a Diplôme d'Honneur and I was
congratulated by all. The launch was broadcast on the TV news that night, and it
was all quite an amazing experience for me. I love the music of the Syliphone
era, as my
research hopefully attests to, and I was very moved by people's heartfelt and
sincere thanks for what I had done. Some told me that when they had heard of my
project they felt like crying. Others proclaimed me "a Guinean". I was
often asked how I managed to get all of the discs and what led me to this area
of research. I could only respond that my 14
years of research on Syliphone wasn't work for me, it was pleasure.
The Syliphone archive was shown at the
National Museum for a week, and was then re-shown for another week during
Guinea's 50th anniversary celebrations. It was also set to tour Mali, and three
Guinean ministries became involved. I pledged to Dr Sylla that I will continue
to update the archive at the BNG as I come across better quality discs and
covers, and I will send these to him at the library. Click here to
view the Syliphone
catalogue.
After the archive launch things quietened down a bit. I was at the RTG archives 6 days a week, copying as many reels as I could, and when I had time I tried to meet with all the musicians. A few weeks before I left I was informed that I was receiving a medal for my work. The Guinean government through the Ministry of Arts conferred me the Palme Académique en Or, Guinea's highest honour, and on the day before I flew back to Australia I received it.

To my left is Dr Sylla, Directeur de la Bibliothèque Nationale de Guinée, and to my right is Prof Ifono, Ministre de la Culture des Arts et Loisirs.
Readers will be heartened to
learn that the following orchestras continue to play regularly in Guinea -
Bembeya Jazz, Horoya Band, Keletigui et ses Tambourinis, the Balladins, the 22
Band, and Camayenne Sofa, who released a new CD in September 2008 to mark their
35th anniversary. Even some of the smaller groups in Guinea, such as Kolima
Jazz, still get together occasionally, and up until a few years ago groups such
as Tinkisso Jazz and the Forest Band were still playing. Sadly, very sadly,
Keletigui Traoré passed away on
November 11. He was given a state funeral and was buried in the cemetery at
Camayenne on November 13. I didn't get a chance to renew our acquaintance. He
was a super star in Guinea, a legend going back to 1962. His influence on
Guinean
music is immeasurable. And of Kébendo
Jazz there's only one surviving member. But there is happier news. The Balladins
now feature a young line-up, hopefully ensuring that their music will find roots
in a new generation of musicians. And then there is Kombo Jazz, a great
orchestra featuring many of the Syliphone era stars, who play together every
week. And La Paillote after more than 40 years continues to host music most nights of the week. Go there
while you can, and if you're lucky you will sit under the stars on a Saturday
night while Linke Condé leads the
Tambourinis with his sublime electric guitar.
Update - I have received further funding from the
British Library and will be in Guinea for 6 months from July 2009. I will be
completing the digitisation of the analogue reels to compact disc format.
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